What is the role of a control group in an experiment?

The role of a control group in an experiment is to provide a baseline for comparison against the experimental group that receives the treatment or intervention. This comparison allows researchers to determine if the changes observed in the experimental group are actually due to the manipulation of the independent variable rather than other factors. By having a control group that does not receive the experimental treatment, scientists can more accurately assess the effect of the independent variable on the dependent variable.

This comparison is crucial for establishing causal relationships in research. If researchers did not include a control group, it would be difficult to determine the specific impact of the independent variable on the outcomes observed. In essence, the control group helps to isolate the variable being tested and reinforces the validity and reliability of the experiment's conclusions.