What is the term for the living things within the biosphere?

The term for the living things within the biosphere is best described as an ecosystem. An ecosystem encompasses not only the living organisms, such as plants, animals, and microbes, but also the interactions among them and their environment, which includes non-living elements like air, water, and soil.

The biosphere is essentially the global sum of all ecosystems, and it refers to the zone of life on Earth. Within this broad term, an ecosystem captures the specific relationships and interactions that take place among various organisms and between organisms and their physical surroundings.

Other terms, while related, refer to different concepts. A population refers to a group of individuals of the same species living in a particular area at the same time. A community encompasses all the different populations of species living together in a given area, but does not include the abiotic factors. An organism is a single living entity, which can be part of a population or community but does not encompass the broader interactions found in an ecosystem.