What process involves the copying of DNA to RNA?

The process that involves the copying of DNA to RNA is transcription. During transcription, the enzyme RNA polymerase binds to a specific region of the DNA and unwinds the double helix. It then synthesizes a complementary RNA strand by using one of the DNA strands as a template. This RNA strand serves various functions, such as being translated into proteins (in the case of messenger RNA) or playing roles in the ribosomal and transfer RNA functions.

In contrast, translation is the subsequent process where the RNA is translated into protein. Replication refers to the process of making an exact copy of DNA, which occurs before cell division. Transformation typically refers to a process in genetics where DNA is taken up by a cell and incorporated into its genome, further diverging from the concept of copying DNA into RNA. Thus, transcription more accurately describes the specific action of converting DNA information into an RNA format.