What process involves the physical separation of the cytoplasm and cell components after mitosis?

The process that involves the physical separation of the cytoplasm and cellular components after mitosis is known as cytokinesis. During this phase, the cell membrane constricts at the center of the cell, eventually splitting the cytoplasm and organelles into two distinct daughter cells. This is essential for ensuring that each new cell receives the necessary components to function independently.

Cytokinesis usually follows mitosis, which is the process of nuclear division where the chromosomes are separated. DNA replication occurs prior to mitosis and is the phase where the cell copies its genetic material to ensure that each daughter cell has an identical set of chromosomes. Cellular respiration, on the other hand, is a metabolic process that converts biochemical energy from nutrients into ATP, which is not related to the separation of the cell after division. Therefore, the correct answer highlights the specific function of cytokinesis in completing the cell division cycle.