Which cavity contains the heart and major blood vessels?

The pericardial cavity is the correct choice as it specifically refers to the space that contains the heart and is surrounded by a protective sac known as the pericardium. This cavity is crucial for maintaining the heart's position and providing it with a lubricated environment to prevent friction as the heart beats. The pericardial cavity is located within the thoracic cavity but is distinct because it encompasses only the heart and its associated larger blood vessels, such as the aorta and pulmonary arteries and veins.

The thoracic cavity, while it contains the pericardial cavity, also houses the lungs and other structures, making it a broader term that doesn't pinpoint the heart specifically. Therefore, while it is technically true that the heart is in the thoracic cavity, it does not convey the precise understanding needed to answer the question regarding which cavity solely contains the heart and major blood vessels.

The mediastinum is a central compartment within the thoracic cavity that includes the pericardial cavity but also contains other important structures such as the trachea, esophagus, and various blood vessels. While it is related to the heart's location, it is not exclusive to it, making it less fitting for the specific inquiry.

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