Which phase of the cell cycle is characterized by cell growth and duplication of cellular contents without chromosome duplication?

The phase of the cell cycle characterized by cell growth and duplication of cellular contents without chromosome duplication is the G1 phase. During G1, the cell grows and synthesizes proteins, organelles, and other components necessary for cell function and preparation for DNA synthesis. This phase is crucial as it ensures that the cell is adequately prepared for the next stage of the cycle where DNA is replicated.

In contrast, the G0 phase refers to a resting stage where cells are metabolically active but no longer dividing or preparing to divide. The S phase is specifically when DNA synthesis occurs, resulting in the duplication of chromosomes. The G2 phase, on the other hand, follows DNA synthesis and focuses on further preparation for mitosis, including the production of proteins and organelles required for cell division. Therefore, the correct phase reflecting cell growth and the duplication of cellular components without chromosome duplication is indeed G1.